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Objective:To observe the effect of long cycle application of Opdivo in patients with esophageal cancer whose programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1) test was negative and the nursing care of its related adverse reactions.Methods:For an elderly patient with advanced heterochronous esophageal cancer with only 40 cycles of Opdivo and negative PD-L1, detailed individualized nursing measures were made from the aspects of medication management, psychological guidance and observation of adverse reactions.Results:The vital signs of the patients were stable, the KPS score was increased from 60 to 80, the carcinoembryonic antigen was reduced from 15.36 μg/L to 9.45 μg /L, and the adverse reactions such as immune dermatitis and hypothyroidism were relieved.Conclusions:The nursing experience of patients treated with Opdivo for a long period has been obtained, and the corresponding nursing evidence support has been provided for the clinical application of navumab in the treatment of tumor.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of mini-plate fixation for ulnar coronoid process fracture via anteromedial approach.Methods A retrospective review was made on 28 cases of ulnar coronoid process fracture treated with open reduction and mini-plate fixation from April 2010 to December 2014.There were 18 males and 10 females,with age range of 21-60 years (mean,34.3 years).Causes of injury were falls in 21 cases and traffic accidents in 7 cases.According to the O' Driscoll classification,there were 14 cases of type Ⅰ,11 cases of type Ⅱ and 3 cases of type Ⅲ.Time from injury to operation was 2-10 d (mean,3.7 d).Reduction loss,fracture healing time and complications were documented.Elbow function was evaluated at the last follow-up by Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) and Broberg & Morrey score.Results All cases were followed up for 12-25 months (mean,15.1 months).Restricted elbow activity was initiated one week after operation.Bone united in mean 10.6 weeks (range,8-14 weeks).No nerve injury or fracture redisplacement occurred.At the final follow-up,mean flexion was (124 ± 15)° (range,90°-140°),mean extension loss was (18 ± 20) °(range,0°-50°),mean pronation was (65 ± 18)°(range,40°-85°),and mean supination was (63 ±16)°(range,35°-85°),showing significant difference in comparison with the preoperative measure (P＜0.05).According to the MEPS,the results were excellent in 17 cases,good in 8,fair in 2 and poor in 1.According to the Broberg & Morrey score,the results were excellent in 16 cases,good in 8,fair in 3 and poor in 1.Conclusion Through anteromedial approach,mini-plate fixation of the ulnar coronoid process fracture provides rigid fixation,which benefits joint stability and bone union,and allows early functional exercise.
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Objective To establish a rabbit posttraumatic acute diffuse brain swelling (PADBS) model and investigate the mechanism of action.Methods Fifty New Zealand rabbits were assigned to control group (n =10) and model group (n =40) according to random number table.The animal model of sinus balloon compression was established under intracranial pressure monitoring by using intracranial pressure probe.The model group was subdivided equally at 1.5 hours after compression,1.5 hours after decompression,3 hours after decompression and 4.5 hours after decompression,for which intracranial pressure,brain water content,pathological mechanism and ultrastructure were measured dynamically.Results The success rate of modeling was 83％ (33/40).Intracranial pressure was (4.9 ± 0.8)mmHg in control group,(50.1 ± 4.3) mmHg in 1.5 hours after compression group,(45.2 ± 1.7) mmHg in 1.5 hours after decompression group,(48.6 ± 2.2) mmHg in 3 hours after decompression group,and (59.1 ±2.5)mmHg in 4.5 hours after decompression group (P ＜0.05).Brain water content was (75.0 ± 0.6) ％ in control gorup,(76.7 ± 0.8) ％ in 1.5 hours after compression group,(77.3 ± 0.5) ％ in 1.5 hours after decompression group,(78.5 ± 0.6) ％ in 3 hours after decompression group,and (79.4 ± 0.7) ％ in 4.5 hours after decompression group (P ＜ 0.05).Vasogenic brain oedema was seen 1.5 hours after decompression.Cytotoxicity brain swelling generated with brain tissue destroyed 3 hours after decompression.The vicious cycle of high intracranial pressure and brain tissue destruction occurred 4.5 hours after decompression.Conclusion Under intracranial pressure probe monitoring,the rabbit model of PADBS by sinus balloon compression has stable pressure of the sinus balloon and has good reliability and repeatability,which provides a reliable evidence for further study on the possible mechanism and treatment methods of PADBS.
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Objective To investigate the clinical outcome of correction of unilateral delayed orbitozygomatic complex fractures with digital guide plates.Methods The study involved 14 cases of unilateral delayed orbitozygomatic complex fractures treated between September 2007 and March 2012.Craniofacial structures were measured by thin-section CT before operation,followed by data input to the image processing software.Before and after the processing of images,three dimensional skull models were produced using rapid prototyping technique and applied to have surgical simulation.Digital guild plates were produced for guiding the reduction of fractures and orbital walls were reconstructed as well.Results All cases were followed up for a period of 6-11 months,which showed basic restoration of facial structure and significant correction of diplopia and enophthalmos,with no infection or dislocation of implants buried in orbit floor.Mild ectropion of the lower eyelid occurred in one case and temporary decrease of frontal wrinkle in two cases,but all recovered in 3-6 months postoperatively.Conclusion Digital guide plate is easy in operation and reliable for treatment of unilateral delayed orbitozygomatic complex fractures.
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Objective To evaluate effects of minimally invasive dynamic hip screw(DHS)in treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fractures.Methods The study involved 98 patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures treated by closed reduction and C-arm fluoroscopy guided minimally invasive DHS from January 2004 to January 2010.According to AO classification,there were 38 patients with type A1 fractures and 60 with type A2 fractures.According to Evans classification,there were nine patients with typeⅠ?fractures,29 with type Ⅱ,36 with typeⅢ?and 24 with type V.Intraoperative blood loss,operation time and incision length were recorded.Results The intraoperative hemorrhage,operation time and incision length were average 250 ml(range,150-450 ml),54.3 minutes(range,45-70 minutes),and 5.2 cm(range,4-7 cm),respectively.All the patients were followed up for 12-38 months(mean 16.8 months).Fracture healing time was 10-14 weeks(average 11.5 weeks).According to Zuekerman functional scoring for hip joint,the results were excellent in 61 patients,good in 30,fair in four and poor in three,with excellence rate of 92.9％.Varus deformity of hip occurred in four patients.No patient presented surgical site infection,implant failure or displacement of fractures.Conclusion Minimally invasive DHS is an effective means in treating intertrochanteric femoral fractures,but the key point of successful treatment is to strictly grasp the correct operative procedures.
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ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effects of biological artificial material (BAM)induced artificial bone in the repair of lower extremity bone defects. MethodsThe study involved 32 patients with lower extremity bone defects treated by BAM artificial bone grafting from January 2008 to December 2010.Their age was at a range of 21-77 years (mean,32.5 years).The volume of bone defects was 1.0 cm × 2.0 cm × 2.5 cm-3.0 cm × 3.5 cm × 5.0 cm ( mean,15.4 cm3 ).The main causes of bone defects were comminuted fracture,bone cyst,fibrous dysplasia,and chronic osteomyelitis.A followup was performed immediately after the surgery and at 1,2,3,5,7,9,12,18 months after surgery to observe the systemic and local reactions,changes of blood calcium/phosphorus,repair of bone defect and restoration of function of the affected extremity.ResultsAll patients were followed up for 9-18 months (mean,10.5 months).There were no local or systemic grafts rejection from the postoperative period to the last follow-up.Follow-up X-ray films showed fuzzy boundary of BAM artificial bone implantation area and bone tissues around bone defects three months postoperatively and new bone formation. Apparent bone ingrowth into the BAM artificial bone implantation area,integrated artificial bone materials and bone tissues,and basically repaired bone defects were founded six months postoperaively.The time for full weight-bearing of the affected extremity was on postoperative 2.5-4 months ( mean,3.2 months).ConclusionBAM artificial bone is characterized by good biocompatibility,osteogenesis effect and a certain stiffness and strength of inner structure and can he used to repair the lower extremity bone defects.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effects of transpedicular graft of biological artificial material (BAM) -induced artificial bone and posterior pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures.Methods A total of 72 patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures treated by transpedicular reduction by leverage,BMA-induced artificial bone grafting and posterior pedicle screw fixation from 2005 to 2010 were reviewed and followed up.The frontal and lateral X-ray radiograph of the spine was performed before and after operation and during the follow-up.The anterior and posterior height of the injured vertebrae,thoracolumbar kyphotic angle ( Cobb' s angle),ratio of anterior to posterior vertebral height were determined.Also,the America Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scale was used to evaluate the neurological recovery and the visual analog scale (VAS) was applied to assess the back and waist pain.Results All patients were followed up for a mean period of 18.3 months,ranging from 12 to 28 months.Meanwhile,all the patients obtained bone union,with no rejection of artificial bone graft,breakage or loosening of screws,or obvious loss of both vertebrae height and deformity correction angle.Notable improvement of neurological function was achieved in all patients except for two patients with Frankel A nerve injury.The VAS score descended from pre-operative ( 8.4 ± 2.5 ) points to (2.2 ± 1.6 ) points at latest follow-up,which showed obvious alleviation of back and waist pain.Conclusions Transpedicular bone graft plus internal fixation is an effective,reasonable and easy method for managing osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures.In addition,the implanted BAM-induced artificial bone is of good biological and mechanical properties.
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Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a convenient, economic, and non-invasive detecting tool in myocardial ischemia (MI). Its clinical appearance is mainly exhibited by ST-T complex change. MI events are usually instantaneous and asymptomatic in some cases, which cannot be forecasted to have a precautionary measure in time by doctors. The automatic detection of MI by computer and a cued warning of danger in real time play an important role in diagnosing heart disease. With the help of the medical staff, some quantitative approbatory indicators, such as ST-segment deviation, the amplitude of T-wave peak and the rate of ST and heart rate (HR), were combined to judge MI using fuzzy reasoning. After MIT-BIH database and the long-term ST database (LTST) verification, sensitivity and positive predictive values reached 75% and 78% respectively, and specificity and negative predictive values were 85% and 87% respectively. In addition, the proposed method was close to human way of thinking and understanding, and easy to apply in clinical detection and engineering fields.
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Humans , Electrocardiography , Fuzzy Logic , Myocardial Ischemia , Diagnosis , Signal Processing, Computer-AssistedABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the killing activity of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells after incubation with autologous tumor cell lysate-pulsed dendritic cells (Ag-DC) and to evaluate the immune functions of patients, the clinical efficacy and side effect of Ag-DC in combination with CIK on hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 24 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4 to produce dendritic cells (DCs). The DCs were pulsed with autologous tumor cell lysate. T lymphocytes from PBMC were cultured with interferon-Y (IFN-γ), IL-2, CD3-moAb, and IL-1α to prepare CIK. The killing effect of CIK on SMMC-7721 was investigated after CIK was incubated with Ag-DC. After immunotherapy with Ag-DC and CIK, immunolog-ic and clinical responses of the 24 patients were evaluated. Results: The killing effect of CIK was remarkably improved after CIK was incubated with Ag-DC. The immunotherapy with DC and CIK alleviated symptoms and improved the immune functions of the patients. Except for transient fever and chill, no remarkable adverse events were observed. Conclusion: Ag-DC in combination with CIK shows short-term efficacy on hepatocellular carcinoma through inducing specific anti-tumor immunity and can be an effective adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects on cardiac remodeling post transcatheter closure by Amplatzer septal occluder selected by oval circumference formula in patients with atrial septal defect (ASD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 146 patients with ASD (68 males,mean 33.5 years) treated by transcatheter closure with the Amplatzer occluder were enrolled in this study. The diameter of defects was corrected with the oval circumference formula (group A, 73 cases) or by echocardiography (group B, 73 cases). Cardiac remodeling was assessed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) before the procedure, 3 days, 3 months and 6 months after ASD closure.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean ASD diameter was similar between the two groups [(20.16 +/- 4.98) mm vs. (21.36 +/- 5.69) mm, P > 0.05] and the mean diameter of the selected occluder of group A was significantly smaller than that in group B [(21.95 +/- 6.78) mm vs. (25.85 +/- 6.75) mm, P < 0.05]. Procedural success rate was identical between the two groups (97.3%) and the defects were completely occluded and there was no residual shunt during the 6 months follow up period, there were also no complications during and after the procedure. The lateral diameter of right atrial (RALD), the diastolic diameter of right ventricle (RVDD), RALD/LALD, RVDD/LVDD and pulmonary diameter (PD) were significantly decreased while the lateral diameter of left atrial (LALD) and left ventricle (LVDD) were significantly increased post ASD closure in both groups. At 6 months follow up, RALD decreased by (18.63 +/- 10.59)% in group A versus (10.14 +/- 6.59)% in group B, LALD increased by (13.42 +/- 8.38)% in group A versus (9.28 +/- 4.95)% in group B and RALD/LALD ratio decreased by (26.35 +/- 11.24)% in group A versus (13.98 +/- 8.96)% in groups B (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ASD occluder selection based on the oval circumferen ce formula is superior to that made by echocardiography in terms of more favorable cardiac remodeling post ASD closure.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cardiac Catheterization , Methods , Follow-Up Studies , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial , Therapeutics , Ventricular RemodelingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To design molecular beacon detecting embB330 codon of ethambutol-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB),meanwhile,and try to detect fluorescence of mutation site of embB330 codon in liquid by fluorescence microscope by compareing the mutation strains and standard strains.METHODS The software,Beacon designer,was used to design molecular beacon detecting embB330codon and detecting fluorescence signal from hybridization between the amplified product and probe by fluorescence microscope,and to confer to the sequencing results.RESULTS The difference between PCR products from standard strain and ethambutol-resistant one was obvious in detecting the fluorescent light by use of fluorescence microscope.We detected fluorescent light signal between the 33 ethambutol-resistant strains and 10 H37RV standard strains.The rate of ethambutol-resistant strains was about 3%,and the rate of sequencing was about 3%.CONCLUSIONS The technology of molecular beacon effectually can detect mutation single base site of embB330codon.Fluorescence microscope owns characteristics such as high sensitiveness to detect the fluorescent light.
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OBJECTIVE To detect 315 codon of mutation site in katG of isoniazid(INH)-resistant Mycobacterium tyberculosis(MTB) by stem-ring molecular probe quickly and detect out the fluorescence sign of hybridization between amplified products of katG 315 codon and probe in liquid by fluorescence spectrophotometer.The results were confirmed by sequencing.METHODS The software,Beacon designer,was used to design the katG 315 codon stem-ring molecular probe and the amplification system,and the relationship between the way and sequencing of the amplification products were compared.RESULTS The difference between PCR products from standard strain and INH-resistant one was significant in detecting the fluorescent light by use of fluorescence spectrophotometer.We detected fluorescent light signal between the 16 INH resistant strains and 10 H37RV standard strains.The resistant rate to INH detected was about 44%,and the rate of coincidence was about 97.5%.CONCLUSIONS The stem-ring molecular probe technology show high sensitivety in detecting mutation site of nucleic acid.The rate of coincidence is good between fluorescence spectrophotometer way and sequencing.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of pSUPER/CD147siRNA on the formation, proliferation, and angiogenesis of malignant melanoma in nude mice.@*METHODS@#The nude mouse subcutaneous xenotransplantation models of malignant melanoma were constructed and observed using morphological analysis. The protein expression of PCNA and CD31 in tumors was detected using immunohistochemical technique. Tumoral proliferative activity in the nude mice was quantitatively evaluated by proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Microvessel density( MVD) was counted based on the endothelial cells positively stained with anti-CD31 antibody.@*RESULTS@#The subcutaneous tumors appeared in all the nude mice 5 days later after the transplantation, but the volume of malignant melanoma in the experiment group significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.01). PCNA expression and MVD were significantly lower in the experiment group than those in the control group ( P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#CD147 siRNA inhibits the growth and angiogenesis of malignant melanoma in vivo, suggesting that CD147 might be a new gene therapy target molecule for malignant melanoma.
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Animals , Humans , Mice , Basigin , Genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Melanoma , Genetics , Pathology , Mice, Nude , Microvessels , Neovascularization, Pathologic , Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen , Metabolism , RNA, Small Interfering , Genetics , Transfection , Xenograft Model Antitumor AssaysABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To design molecular beacon probe of 43 Codon of high mutation site in rpsL of STR resistant MTB and its amplification system, meanwhile, to find the way of detecting the fluorescent light and making a qualitative judgment by use of fluorescence microscope and image analysis software. METHODS The software, Beacon designer, was used to design the 43 Codon molecular beacon probe and the amplification system, and the fluorescence microscope and image analysis software were used to detect the fluorescent light and make a qualitative judgment. RESULTS The strap of amplification product was shown clearly. The difference between PCR products from standard strain and STR resistant one was obvious in detecting the fluorescent light by use of fluorescence microscope. The rate of resistant STR detected was about 80% (P
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OBJECTIVE To have a research on the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by fluorescence chip of molecular beacon probe.METHODS Fluorescence chip for the detection of M.tuberculosis was designed,based on the better bonding force and specificity of molecular beacon and target molecule.Hybridization efficiency was optimized,which included the concentration and purity of molecular beacon probe,hybridization temperature,hybridization time,the prescription of hybridization solution and the comparing of molecular beacon fluorescence signals of 4 molecules.RESULTS Molecular beacon fluorescence signal approached the highest when the final concentration of Mg was 5 mmol/L and the amplification efficiency of PCR approached the highest.Half extended molecular beacon probe could bind nice with chip when it was middle labeled with quench group.The results of 3 hybridization solutions were as follows: 0.15% SDS better than 0.2% SDS,10?SSC better than 5?SSC.Strong signal of hybridization reaction could be detected when the concentration of Cy3-BDH molecular beacon probe was 15 ?mol/L,the concentration of FAM-DABCLYE probe was 9 ?mol/L and the reaction time was 7 h.The efficiency of fluorescence quenching was higher when the molecule was consisted of Cy3-BDH,other than Cy3-DABCLYE.CONCLUSIONS The design of half extended molecular beacon probe tactfully makes use of the advantages of the high bonding force and specificity of molecular beacon probe on the chip technology.Fluorescence chip of molecular beacon for M.tuberculosis has satisfactory detecting rate,specificity and sensibility.
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<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the survival rate and the level of HaCaT cells damage with ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation at various doses, and observe the protective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT assay was employed to analyze the cell survival rate after UVB radiation of 30, 60, 90 and 120 mJ x cm(-2). The damage of nucleolus and the protective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 were scanned by Hoechst 33258 staining and single cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It was found that the cell survival rate decreased gradually and the damage of nucleolus aggravated as the radiation dose increased from 30 mJ x cm(-2) to 120 mJ x cm(-2). At the dose of 20 microg x mL(1-), obvious protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 can be observed against UVB radiation-induced HaCaT cells growth inhibition and nucleolus damage.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>UVB radiation inhibits HaCaT human keratinocytes growth and ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 can relief the damage.</p>
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Humans , Apoptosis , Radiation Effects , Cell Line , Cell Survival , Radiation Effects , DNA Damage , Radiation Effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Ginsenosides , Pharmacology , Keratinocytes , Cell Biology , Radiation Effects , Panax , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Protective Agents , Pharmacology , Ultraviolet RaysABSTRACT
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a substituted amphetamine with stimulating and hallucinogenic properties. Since MDMA induces "ecstasy" it is extensively used as a "recreational" drug. It has been well established that MDMA is neurotoxic and can result in long-term degeneration of cerebral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) nerve terminals in many species. The present study was undertaken to investigate the long-term neurotoxic effects of MDMA on cortical and hippocampal structures, by repeatedly administering MDMA in short time. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control group and MDMA-treated group. MDMA (10 mg/kg) was administered to rats of MDMA-treated group, once per hour, total 40 mg/kg; rats of control group were treated with the same volume of saline. Thirty-two weeks after administering MDMA, the expression of serotonin transporter (SERT) mRNA and diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the degeneration of nerve terminals was demonstrated by Bielschowsky and Glee Marsland silver staining. The results showed that the expression of SERT mRNA in hippocampus decreased by 31.96%, while expression of DBI mRNA in neocortex increased by 40.51%, compared with the control group (P<0.05). The expression of GFAP in the brain tissue increased (P<0.05), while significant reduction of the nerve terminals in neocortex was demonstrated by silver staining, compared with the control group. These results suggest that the neurotoxicity of MDMA results in sustained cortical and hippocampal structural changes, which in turn result in disorder of the brain functions.
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Animals , Male , Rats , Cerebral Cortex , Pathology , Diazepam Binding Inhibitor , Genetics , Metabolism , Hippocampus , Pathology , N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine , Toxicity , Neurotoxicity Syndromes , Pathology , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , Metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To investigate the TORCH infection of women with childbearing age in Chongqing.(METHODS) Special IgM antibodies were detected by the TORCH-IgM screen test kits in 2067 women with(childbearing) age,among them 1829 were women with normal childbearing and 238 were women with abnormal one.RESULTS The infection rate of Toxoplasma gondii(TOX),Rubella virus(RV),Cytomegalovirus(CMV) in women with abnormal childbearing was significantly higher than those in women with normal one(P(0.05)).CONCLUSIONS The(abnormal) pregnancy is (related) with TORCH infection.So TORCH screen before pregnancy is very important to aristogenesis.
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Objective To study the expression and pathologic significance of CD147,cyclophilin A (CyPA)and cyclophilin B(CyPB)in psoriatic lesions.Methods Immunohistochemical method was ap- plied to detect the expression of CD147,CyPA and CyPB in skin specimens of 15 patients with psoriasis pustulosa(PP),20 patients with progressive psoriasis vulgaris(PPV),and 20 patients with inactive psori- asis vulgaris(IPV).Immunoreactivity intensity distribution index(IRIDI)was calculated to assess the expres- sion intensity of CD147,CyPA and CyPB.Results CD147,CyPA and CyPB were detected in all speci- mens.The IRIDI scores of CD147 and CyPA were significantly higher in keratinocytes of psoriatic lesions than in those of the control specimens(all P0.05).The IRIDI score of CyPB in T lymphocytes of PP lesions was significantly elevated than that in PPV lesions,which was in turn higher than that in IPV lesions(all P0.05).Conclusion CD147,CyPA and CyPB may play a role in the occurrence and development of psoriasis.